习近平和普京承诺 "紧密合作";习近平和普京展示了他们的联盟,但没有提供通往乌克兰和平的道路;日本领导人岸田文雄访问乌克兰表示支持|世界简报

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习近平和普京承诺 “紧密合作”;日本领导人访问乌克兰
纽约时报

  • 中国领导人习近平和俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔-V-普京签署了14项协议,主要侧重于经济合作,普京说,俄罗斯准备满足中国日益增长的能源需求。这种伙伴关系被看作是对美国及其西方盟友的一种制衡力量。同一天,日本首相对基辅进行了暗访,突出了亚洲两个最大经济体之间的分歧。
  • 习近平和普京在周一只粗略地公开提到了乌克兰战争,但在周二,中国领导人呼吁进行和平谈判以解决战争。习近平还邀请普京访问中国,美国国务卿安东尼-布林肯谴责这是为俄罗斯继续犯下战争罪行提供的外交掩护。周一晚上,俄罗斯在被占领的克里米亚的军事后勤中心发生了爆炸,尽管乌克兰没有直接声称对此负责。
  • 俄罗斯警察搜查了获得诺贝尔和平奖的人权组织 "纪念 "的8名雇员的家。这被认为是对政府批评者更广泛镇压的一部分,俄罗斯当局开始对一些纪念组织雇员进行调查,指控他们 “恢复纳粹主义”。
  • China’s leader Xi Jinping and President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia signed 14 agreements mainly focusing on economic collaboration, with Putin saying that Russia was ready to meet China’s growing demand for energy. This partnership is seen as a counterbalancing force against the US and its Western allies. On the same day, Japan’s Prime Minister made an unannounced visit to Kyiv, highlighting the division between Asia’s two largest economies.
  • Xi and Putin made only cursory public references to the war in Ukraine on Monday, but on Tuesday, China’s leader called for peace talks to resolve the war. Xi also invited Putin to visit China, which Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken condemned as diplomatic cover for Russia to continue committing war crimes. An explosion struck the Russian military logistics hub in occupied Crimea on Monday night, although Ukraine did not directly claim responsibility.
  • Russian police officers searched the homes of eight employees of Memorial, a Nobel Peace Prize-winning human rights organization. This is seen as part of a broader suppression of government critics, with the Russian authorities beginning an investigation into some Memorial employees over accusations of “rehabilitation of Nazism.”

习近平在乌克兰问题上支持普京,但在俄罗斯天然气管道问题上持反对意见
金融时报

  • 习近平支持弗拉基米尔-普京在乌克兰战争中的立场,但对确认一条关键管道的计划持保留态度。
  • 中国和俄罗斯领导人签署了一份联合声明,赞扬了北京的 "积极作用 "和 “客观、公正的立场”。
  • 普京在中国领导人逗留期间的主要目标是让他同意他计划的西伯利亚之力-2天然气管道。
  • 习近平对该管道的话题保持沉默,但联合声明说他们将 "努力推进研究和同意 "建设该管道的计划。
  • 习近平在乌克兰问题上更加坦诚,主要是重复克里姆林宫的谈话要点,指责西方国家使战争升级。
  • 普京警告说,英国向基辅供应含有贫化铀的穿甲弹可能会使冲突升级,习近平邀请他在今年 "方便的时候 "来中国。
  • 美国表示,中国的和平计划将使俄罗斯在乌克兰的领土征服合法化。
  • 乌克兰也对该计划持怀疑态度,但在习近平与乌克兰总统沃洛基米尔-泽伦斯基(Volodymyr Zelenskyy)的预期通话之前,乌克兰避免批评中国。
  • 与习近平对莫斯科的访问形成鲜明对比的是日本首相岸田文雄对基辅和布加的意外访问,他对那里发生的暴行表示 “非常愤怒”。
  • Xi Jinping backed Vladimir Putin’s stance on his war in Ukraine but held back from confirming plans for a key pipeline.
  • The Chinese and Russian leaders signed a joint statement extolling Beijing’s “positive role” and “objective, unbiased position”.
  • Putin’s main goal during the Chinese leader’s stay was to get him to agree to his planned Power of Siberia-2 gas pipeline.
  • Xi remained silent on the topic of the pipeline, but the joint statement said they would “make efforts to advance work on studying and agreeing” plans to build it.
  • Xi was more forthcoming on Ukraine, mostly rehashing the Kremlin’s talking points and accusing western countries of escalating the war.
  • Putin warned the UK supplies to Kyiv of armour-piercing rounds which contain depleted uranium could escalate the conflict, and Xi invited him to China “at a convenient time” this year.
  • The US has said China’s peace plan would legitimise Russia’s territorial conquests in Ukraine.
  • Ukraine is also sceptical of the plan, but has refrained from criticising China ahead of an expected call between Xi and president Volodymyr Zelenskyy.
  • Contrasting with Xi’s visit to Moscow was the unexpected trip by Japan’s prime minister Fumio Kishida to Kyiv and Bucha, where he expressed “great anger at the atrocity” committed there.

习近平和普京展示了他们的联盟,但没有提供通往乌克兰和平的道路
华盛顿邮报

  • 俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔-普京和中国的习近平周二在莫斯科举行了第二天的会谈,以深化中俄政治和经济合作,并对美国的全球主导地位进行反击。
  • 习近平邀请普京在今年晚些时候访问中国,日本首相岸田文雄对乌克兰进行了一次突击访问。
  • 克里姆林宫多次表示,乌克兰必须接受新的政治 “现实”,暗示只有基辅交出大片主权领土和俄罗斯在2014年入侵的克里米亚,战争才会停止。中国已经提出了一个12点停火计划,但它成功的机会很小,因为它没有要求俄罗斯撤出其占领军。
  • 美国威胁说,如果北京提供武器,将实施经济制裁。
  • 周二会议的一个关键焦点是深化经济合作,因为俄罗斯在基本失去与欧洲长期客户的联系后,越来越多地将中国作为其石油和天然气的市场。
  • 两位领导人将签署关于深化关系的联合声明以及关于2030年前俄中经济合作关键领域的计划。
  • 俄罗斯调查委员会搜查了知名人权组织 "纪念 "的办公场所,该组织去年被当局关闭。
  • Russian President Vladimir Putin and China’s Xi Jinping met for a second day of talks in Moscow on Tuesday to deepen Sino-Russian political and economic cooperation and push back against the global domination of the United States.
  • Xi invited Putin to visit China later this year and Japan’s Prime Minister Fumio Kishida made a surprise trip to Ukraine.
  • The Kremlin has repeatedly said Ukraine must accept new political “realities,” suggesting that the war would stop only if Kyiv surrendered large swaths of sovereign territory and Crimea, which Russia invaded in 2014. China has put forward a 12-point cease-fire plan, but it has little chance of succeeding because it does not call on Russia to withdraw its occupying forces.
  • The United States has threatened to impose economic sanctions if Beijing supplies arms.
  • A key focus in Tuesday’s sessions was deepening economic cooperation, as Russia increasingly turns to China as a market for its oil and gas, after largely losing access to its longtime customers in Europe.
  • The leaders were to sign joint statements on deepening relations and on a plan for key areas of Russia-China economic cooperation through 2030.
  • Russia’s Investigative Committee raided the premises of the prominent human rights group Memorial, which was closed down by authorities last year.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/03/21/xi-putin-russia-china-alliance/

中国的习近平和俄罗斯的弗拉基米尔-普京将加强经济和政治联系
华尔街日报

  • 中国领导人习近平和俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔-普京周二在莫斯科举行会晤,这场峰会受到关注莫斯科和北京之间不断加深的经济和政治关系的西方国家的密切关注。习近平先生在此行中寻求将自己塑造成乌克兰战争的潜在和平缔造者,而普京先生则展示了他继续战斗的决心。周一,尽管俄罗斯在乌克兰的战争带来了压力,但两位领导人将注意力集中在他们都能达成共识的事情上。两国之间的贸易额去年上升至1890亿美元,预计最早将在今年超过2000亿美元。
  • 俄罗斯最大公司的负责人已被邀请参加晚上为习近平先生举行的国宴,普京先生和习近平先生之间的讨论将集中在俄罗斯和中国的能源和军事技术合作上,也将涉及乌克兰的冲突。美国国务卿安东尼-布林肯将习近平先生周一的访问描述为对普京先生在战争罪指控面前的支持。中国与俄罗斯和美国一样,不是国际刑事法院的成员,该法院对普京先生发出了逮捕令。习近平先生今年邀请普京先生和俄罗斯总理米修斯廷访问中国。
  • 分析人士称,普京先生可以将此次峰会作为莫斯科在西方对俄罗斯实施制裁的情况下仍然拥有强大朋友的证明,而习近平先生可以将中国作为冲突的可能调解人。两人有着密切的个人关系,习近平先生在2019年最后一次访问莫斯科时将普京先生描述为他的 “最好的朋友和同事”。中国已将自己作为乌克兰的潜在和平缔造者,寻求在其本月早些时候帮助促成的恢复伊朗和沙特阿拉伯之间正式关系的协议的基础上更进一步。美国在很大程度上否定了中国的调解努力,称中国在战争中站在了俄罗斯一边。
  • Chinese leader Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin met Tuesday in Moscow, in a summit closely watched by Western countries concerned about the deepening economic and political relations between Moscow and Beijing. Mr. Xi came into the trip seeking to cast himself as a potential peacemaker in the Ukraine war, while Mr. Putin demonstrates his determination to carry on the fighting. On Monday, the two leaders focused on something they both could agree on, despite the pressure of Russia’s war in Ukraine. Trade between the two countries rose to $189 billion last year and is expected to exceed $200 billion as early as this year.
  • The heads of the largest Russian companies have been invited to a state dinner for Mr. Xi in the evening, and discussions between Messrs. Putin and Xi will focus on energy and military-technical cooperation between Russia and China, and will also touch upon the conflict in Ukraine. U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken described Mr. Xi’s visit Monday as a sign of support for Mr. Putin in the face of the war-crimes accusations. China, like Russia and the U.S., isn’t a member of the International Criminal Court, which issued an arrest warrant for Mr. Putin. Mr. Xi invited both Mr. Putin and Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin to China this year.
  • Analysts say Mr. Putin could promote the summit as proof that Moscow still has powerful friends despite Western sanctions on Russia, while Mr. Xi could hold China up as a possible mediator in the conflict. The two men share close personal ties, with Mr. Xi describing Mr. Putin as his “best friend and colleague” on his last trip to Moscow in 2019. China has presented itself as a potential peacemaker in Ukraine, seeking to build on a deal it helped broker earlier this month to restore formal ties between Iran and Saudi Arabia. U.S. has largely dismissed China’s efforts at mediation, saying that China has taken Russia’s side in the war.

普京说中国的和平计划可以成为结束战争的基础
BBC

  • 弗拉基米尔-普京和中国国家主席习近平在莫斯科会晤,讨论乌克兰冲突。普京说,可以提出中国的和平倡议来结束战争,该倡议呼吁和平谈判,尊重国家主权,并谴责单边制裁。乌克兰坚持要求俄罗斯撤出其领土作为任何会谈的条件,而美国国务卿安东尼-布林肯说,在俄罗斯撤出之前呼吁停火将支持批准俄罗斯的征服。
  • 在会谈后的联合新闻发布会上,普京说,中国和平计划的许多条款可以作为解决冲突的基础,但俄罗斯还没有看到另一方的准备情况。习近平声称中国在冲突问题上有一个 “公正的立场”,两位领导人讨论了两国之间不断增长的贸易、能源和政治关系。西方国家担心中国可能会向俄罗斯提供军事支持,但中国和俄罗斯发表的一份联合声明说,他们的密切伙伴关系并不构成 “军事政治联盟”。
  • 习近平在抵达克里姆林宫时受到了热烈欢迎,并将与普京的会谈描述为 “坦率、公开和友好”。他对俄罗斯的访问是在国际刑事法院以战争罪指控对普京发出逮捕令的几天后进行的。在基辅,日本首相岸田文雄承诺将坚定不移地支持乌克兰总统沃洛季米尔-泽连斯基,并谈到了重建和人道主义援助。泽伦斯基提出让中国成为实施和平方案的合作伙伴,并正在等待答复。
  • Vladimir Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping met in Moscow to discuss the conflict in Ukraine. Putin said the Chinese peace initiative could be put forward to end the war, which calls for peace talks, respect for national sovereignty, and condemns unilateral sanctions. Ukraine insists on Russia withdrawing from its territory as a condition for any talks, while the US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said calling for a ceasefire before Russia withdrew would support the ratification of Russian conquest.
  • In a joint news conference after talks, Putin said many provisions of the Chinese peace plan could be taken as the basis for settling the conflict, but Russia had yet to see readiness from the other side. Xi claimed China had an “impartial position” on the conflict, and the two leaders discussed growing trade, energy, and political ties between the two countries. There are concerns in the West that China might provide military support for Russia, but a joint statement released by China and Russia said their close partnership did not constitute a “military-political alliance”.
  • Xi was given a fanfare welcome when he arrived at the Kremlin and described talks with Putin as “frank, open and friendly”. His visit to Russia came days after the International Criminal Court issued an arrest warrant for Putin on war crimes allegations. In Kyiv, Japan Prime Minister Fumio Kishida promised unwavering support to Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky with talk of reconstruction and humanitarian aid. Zelensky offered China to become a partner in the implementation of the peace formula, and is waiting for a response

中国和俄罗斯之间的贸易、投资关系是什么?
南华早报

  • 中国和俄罗斯有着强大的贸易关系,中国取代欧洲成为俄罗斯能源产品的最大买家,俄罗斯对中国产品的依赖也在增加。2021年,两国贸易额为1903亿美元,从俄罗斯的进口增长了43.4%,中国的出口增长了12.8%。由于能源贸易的高价值,中国与俄罗斯的贸易逆差,原油占中国进口的一半。
  • 近年来,中国在俄罗斯的投资不断增长,2016-2022年,中国的外国直接投资增长27.4%,2022年上半年增长75%。俄罗斯远东地区的联合基础设施项目已经完成,如黑河-布拉戈维申斯克大桥、泉州-快东航运线和同江-尼日勒宁斯克耶铁路桥。然而,西方的制裁仍然是中国在该国进一步投资的主要障碍。
  • 习近平主席对俄罗斯的第九次访问有望为两国带来更大的经济合作。与俄罗斯同行弗拉基米尔-普京的会晤可能会侧重于他们的贸易关系、能源贸易和中国在俄罗斯的投资。中国和俄罗斯已经采取措施加强经济联系,例如在双边贸易中更多地使用本国货币,并完成联合基础设施项目。然而,西方的制裁仍然对中国在俄罗斯的进一步投资构成了挑战。
  • China and Russia have a strong trade relationship, with China replacing Europe as Russia’s largest buyer of energy products and Russia’s reliance on Chinese products increasing. In 2021, trade between the two countries was valued at US$190.3 billion with imports from Russia rising by 43.4 per cent and Chinese exports increasing by 12.8 per cent. China has a trade deficit with Russia due to the high value of energy trade, with crude oil accounting for half of Chinese imports.
  • China’s investment in Russia has grown in recent years, with Chinese FDI increasing by 27.4 per cent from 2016-2022 and by 75 per cent in the first half of 2022. Joint infrastructure projects have been completed in Russia’s Far East region, such as the Heihe-Blagoveshchensk bridge, the Quanzhou-Fast East shipping line, and the Tongjiang-Nizhneleninskoye railway bridge. However, Western sanctions remain a major obstacle to further Chinese investment in the country.
  • President Xi Jinping’s ninth visit to Russia is expected to bring greater economic cooperation between the two countries. The meeting with Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin is likely to focus on their trade relationship, energy trade and Chinese investment in Russia. China and Russia have already taken steps to increase their economic ties, such as using their local currencies more in bilateral trade and completing joint infrastructure projects. However, Western sanctions still pose a challenge to further Chinese investment in Russia.

日本首相向乌克兰提供支持,中国的习近平支持俄罗斯
美联社

  • 日本首相岸田文雄突然访问了基辅,抢走了亚洲对手中国国家主席习近平的注意力,后者在莫斯科与俄罗斯总统普京会面,推动北京的乌克兰和平计划。这两次访问凸显了乌克兰战争对国际外交的影响,以及那些站在莫斯科或基辅一边的国家。岸田向在基辅外的布查镇遇难的人表示哀悼,该镇成为俄罗斯暴行的象征。
  • 美国官员批评北京的和平计划,说它只会批准莫斯科的领土征服,并给俄罗斯提供时间来计划重新发动进攻。普京威胁说,如果英国向乌克兰提供含有贫化铀的坦克炮弹,他将以核成分的武器作出相应的回应,武器专家哈米什-德-布雷顿-戈登说,这种武器不可能用于核反应或爆炸。北京坚持认为它是乌克兰的中立中间人,而习近平说他们坚持《联合国宪章》的目标和原则。普京欢迎中国愿意在政治和外交解决乌克兰危机方面发挥积极作用。
  • 岸田在布查的一座教堂献上鲜花,并对失去亲人的人表示哀悼。美国驻日本大使拉姆-伊曼纽尔(Rahm Emanuel)指出,岸田与自由站在一起,而习近平与一个战犯站在一起,这是展开的 “两种非常不同的欧洲-太平洋伙伴关系”。美国正在加速向乌克兰交付艾布拉姆斯坦克,而普京则热衷于展示他在西方制裁下拥有一个重量级盟友和俄罗斯能源产品市场。中国成功地促成了伊朗和沙特阿拉伯之间的交易,并邀请普京在今年访问中国。日本已经向乌克兰捐助了70多亿美元,并接受了2000多名流离失所的乌克兰人,但岸田的访问受到了北京的批评。
  • Prime Minister Fumio Kishida of Japan made a surprise visit to Kyiv, stealing the attention away from Asian rival President Xi Jinping of China who met in Moscow with Russian President Vladimir Putin to promote Beijing’s peace plan for Ukraine. The two visits highlighted the effects of the war in Ukraine on international diplomacy and the countries that are siding with either Moscow or Kyiv. Kishida paid tribute to those killed in Bucha, a town outside Kyiv that became a symbol of Russian atrocities.
  • U.S. officials have criticized Beijing’s peace plan, saying it would only ratify Moscow’s territorial conquests and give Russia time to plan for a renewed offensive. Putin threatened to respond accordingly with weapons of a nuclear component if the U.K. provided Ukraine with tank rounds containing depleted uranium, which weapons expert Hamish de Bretton-Gordon said was impossible to use for a nuclear reaction or explosion. Beijing insisted it is a neutral broker in Ukraine, and Xi said they are adhering to the goals and principles of the U.N. Charter. Putin welcomed China’s readiness to play a positive role in the political and diplomatic settlement of the Ukrainian crisis.
  • Kishida laid flowers at a church in Bucha and expressed condolences to those who lost loved ones. US Ambassador to Japan Rahm Emanuel noted the “two very different European-Pacific partnerships” that unfolded, with Kishida standing with freedom and Xi standing with a war criminal. The U.S. is accelerating its delivery of Abrams tanks to Ukraine, while Putin is keen to show he has a heavyweight ally and market for Russian energy products under Western sanctions. China has been successful in brokering a deal between Iran and Saudi Arabia and has been invited to Putin to visit China this year. Japan has contributed more than $7 billion to Ukraine and accepted more than 2,000 displaced Ukrainians, but has been criticized by Beijing for Kishida’s visit.